Gold reacts with fluorine at higher temperature and forms gold (III) fluoride. Gold does not react with oxygen even at higher temperature, but it does react with strong halogen like fluorine.But the most common oxidation states of gold are +1 and +3. The oxidation states of gold range from -1 to +5.Gold is a non reactive metal and it does not corrode or tarnish in the air.Chemical properties of GoldĬhemical properties of gold are mentioned below. The crystal structure of gold is FCC (face centered cubic).Gold has many isotopes and out of the naturally occurring isotopes, 197Au is the most abundant (almost 100%).The melting point of gold is 1064 ☌ and its boiling point is 2970 ☌.The atomic mass of gold is 196.97 u and its density is 19.3 g/cm 3.Gold is also a good conductor of heat and electricity.Hence it can be drawn into thin wires as well as it can also be stretched into thin sheets. Gold is a ductile as well as malleable metal.Gold is a precious metal having yellow metallic lustre.Physical properties of gold are mentioned below. The physical and chemical properties of gold element are mentioned below.
Apart from the earth’s crust, gold is also available from the oceans.Gold is one of the elements that is known to humans since ancient times (before 6000 BCE).Approximately 78% of the total gold produced in the world goes to the manufacturing of jewelry.South Africa is the leading producer of gold and it produces around 2/3 rd of the total gold production in the world.The symbol of gold is Au, which came from the latin word for gold “aurum”.Interesting facts about gold element are mentioned below. Hence, according to the definition mentioned above, gold is a transition metal. In short, gold element have incomplete d-orbitals in its oxidation state (Au 3+). You can see that all the d-orbitals are completely filled (all the 10 electrons are present) in the elemental state (Au) but they are incomplete (only 9 electrons are present) in its oxidation state (Au 3+).
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